QUEEN MANILLA CURRENCY, West Africa

All of our manillas have been vetted by Dan Mato as authentic, from the 16th - 19th C., probably on the newer rather than older end.

Photographs © Hamill Gallery

QUEEN MANILLA, "BRACELET" CURRENCY, West Africa

The most common form of metal currency in West Africa was the manilla, a rod with flared ends and bent into a "bracelet" form. Usually made from a copper alloy, forms like these were recognized and used as currency for transactions from the end of the 15th to the mid-20th century. The smaller ones were manufactured in England or France and were used for trade with Africa, including the slave trade. Larger queen (like these) and king manillas were more likely to have been forged in Africa, hammered out locally from bar money. The metal content varies from copper to brass, but many were mixed with lead and even iron. There are in addition variations in size, form and quality. The Africans valued them by their ring when struck.

The queen manillas have eight facets, king manillas have four.