Photographs © Tim Hamill
SENUFO, Firespitter Mask 13, 11.5" x 17", $800, Ivory Coast,
These large horizontal masks, composites of several animals, were called Kponungo, or "funeral head masks". The term "Firespitter" is used by outsiders. Used by both Poro and non-Poro male societies, these helmet masks embodied an aggressive supernatural power to combat any forces that might disrupt the well-being of the community. The powerful features of antelopes, buffaloes, crocodiles, warthogs, hornbills, chameleons and humans combined to symbolize power and to recall important myths. They were used in anti-witchcraft ceremonies.
This mask is a Gbon Mask, simpler and danced at funerals to control and guide the soul of the deceased.
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